William L. Gaudreau, a leading post-Vatican II architect who designed many churches, school buildings and other structures in the Archdiocese of Baltimore, died July 6 of heart failure at the Gilchrist Center for Hospice Care in Baltimore. He was 84.
Known for a modern style that emphasized liturgical function over private devotion, Gaudreau sought to encourage more participation at Mass by incorporating design features such as setting congregations in close proximity to the sanctuary.
Many of his designs were simple and clean, with limited use of stained glass or other traditional church adornments.
St. Matthew in Northwood, St. John the Evangelist in Severna Park, St. Joseph in Midland and what is now St. Gabriel in Woodlawn are among the many churches he developed.
“He was in the first generation after the Second Vatican Council,” said Sulpician Father Robert Leavitt, former president-rector of St. Mary’s Seminary in Roland Park and a close friend. “He was very taken with the way in which art could facilitate the interaction between the priest-presider and the congregation.”
One of Gaudreau’s most daring churches was Our Lady of Hope in Dundalk, an award-winning building dedicated in 1970. Rising 60 feet and spanning some 240 feet in length, the imposing structure is shaped like a colossal pyramid made of dark brick. The interior features an elliptical sanctuary, with the ambo at one end and the altar at the other. Worshippers face each other in sections of pews on opposite sides of the sanctuary.
In a 2004 interview with the Catholic Review, Gaudreau said his goal with Our Lady of Hope was to encourage “celebratory, communal worship.” With its sloped seating, the church was intended to be used also for liturgical plays, concerts and other gatherings outside Mass.
“I was experimenting,” he said. “We wanted to do something outside the norm. What I think we accomplished was to evoke that sense of celebration. I think it expressed the thinking of the time.”
Although Gaudreau was excited by new expressions of church architecture, Father Leavitt said, he was not ideological and did not impose his views on others.
“If someone wanted a more traditional design,” Father Leavitt said, “he was perfectly happy to accommodate them.”
As the son of Lucien E.D. Gaudreau, project architect for the construction of St. Mary’s Seminary in 1929, William Gaudreau had a long association with the Roland Park institution. He was the architect of the seminary’s Center for Continuing Formation and the library expansion that houses the archives of the Archdiocese of Baltimore, St. Mary’s Seminary and University, and the Sulpicians of the United States. He most recently designed the memorial water fountain that greets visitors.
Father Leavitt, who offered Gaudreau’s July 11 funeral Mass at St. Mary’s Seminary, noted that Gaudreau respected the integrity of the seminary’s original design. He helped developed a master plan for the institution.
It was Gaudreau, Father Leavitt said, who urged seminary leaders to rip out shag carpeting, drop ceilings and other modern features that had been introduced in a stately reception room. They followed his advice, returning Laubacher Hall to what Gaudreau called “one of the great rooms of the city.”
Gaudreau’s other works included buildings for St. Frances Academy in Baltimore and Calvert Hall College High School in Towson.
Father Leavitt said Gaudreau was “a dedicated Catholic and a wonderful family man,” doing pro-bono work for nonprofits and helping with fundraising. He served on the St. Mary’s Seminary’s board and was supportive of the Little Sisters of the Poor.
Gaudreau attended St. Ambrose School in the city and what is now Loyola Blakefield in Towson. He then earned a degree in philosophy from the University of Notre Dame in South Bend, Ind., in 1953.
After serving in the U.S. Air Force, he returned to Notre Dame to complete a degree in architecture. He worked for the architecture firm founded by his father, today known as Gaudreau, Inc.
Over the course of his adult life, Gaudreau was a parishioner of St. Pius X in Rodgers Forge, Shrine of the Sacred Heart in Mount Washington and St. Mary in Annapolis.
Email George Matysek at gmatysek@CatholicReview.org
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